Reframing false dilemmas
"The human mind prefers to think by comparison and differentiation-from. It starts as a binary system, something like a computer. Polarity thinking is unfortunately a self-canceling system, a form of argumentation that merely lets each side more deeply invest in and identify with their rigid position. Words can always be fashioned to make our point, and even we know (even while we're attempting to make it) that it is not necessarily objective or totally true what we're saying. Ask any lawyer or judge, or husband and wife, if that is not the case (and ask them to please be totally honest). If truth is obvious, why would we ever need a Supreme Court to resolve disputes? And why would even the justices disagree with one another, often vociferously? Thus most groups divide into liberals and conservatives of some sort, thinking that by defeating the other, they will win. This appeals to our competitive nature. The truth, however, is always something other than what one side says about the other (or about who's right about what's wrong).
The creation of false alternatives to force a person into an either-or choice, which can occur even with well-intentioned people, is even more characteristic of hostile or insincere opponents, as we see the enemies of Jesus exemplify. 'Is it permissible to pay taxes to Caesar or not?' they ask in Luke 20:22. Polarity thinking avoids all subtlety, discrimination, and discernment and creates false dichotomies. And if you fight dualistic thinkers directly, you are forced to become dualistic yourself. This is why, classically, Jesus sidesteps the two alternatives by telling a story, keeping silent, or sometimes presenting a third alternative that utterly reframes the false dilemma. Rhetorically, Jesus was really a genius.
Early in their struggles, all nonviolent teachers learn some form of this wisdom, which is also the wisdom of Solomon (recall his brilliant reframing in 1 Kings 3:16-28). If they didn't, they could not be nonviolent, as we see with Gandhi, Martin Luther King, Dorothy Day, and Mother Teresa. For example, I was told personally by the leadership sisters in Calcutta that Mother Teresa never tried to convert a Muslim or a Hindu to Catholicism. She told the sisters that their job was not to talk about Jesus, or even to promote Jesus, but to BE Jesus! Is that radical 'identity transplant' that he invited (where he will actually live our life for us) what we are avoiding with our dualistic thinking? Or does our dualistic thinking just deem it impossible, so why bother? And what do we do about it now that we have exposed the distinction?"
-- Richard Rohr, in The Naked Now
I find myself being seduced into dualistic thinking all the time, and even when I don't participate I find myself being used in conflicts of one vs. another, where my words are twisted to support a harsh, rigid cause of "me vs. him or her." It can be quite annoying, really, but in moments of total clarity it's just plain silly and nothing to fear. The simple truth is that I can't ever "get it right" while operating in a "way of being" designed exclusively to do so. The duality of that is totally self-defeating. There is only the "letting him have me," and everything else that happens is simply a "leading up to that."
And the stunning clarity of the truth about that - the truth of this totally available, yet often avoided "identity transplant" - will be denied, hated, ignored, etc., by those who claim ignorance, when refusal is truer.
"It's so pathetic how we can't live with or even tolerate the things we can't (or maybe choose not to) understand (especially the really, really good things) - how if we can't (or won't) explain or rationalize something we'll avoid, deny, hate, or ignore it, making up all kinds of nonsense to justify our denial of its existence or its importance and meaningfulness."
-- Chuck Palahniuk, in Choke
For example, here's a man ignoring the "stay in your car" warning sign to try and get a better photo of a lioness, even using the sign while even further ignoring it. You can't help people who are committed to going through life acting like this. Talk about a false dilemma - the lion attacking and killing him is an example of a totally false dilemma.
And to bring it home personally, if our spirits are like our car, and to "live as if our bodies are" is like getting out of our car, when God has placed clear warning signs everywhere, then there comes a time when He just can't help us anymore, because we have refused the help, hoping to get a better shot at successful life in this world.
Labels: false dichotomies


